Hydrology.
In the basement complex, ground water is found in weathered mantle not in abundant quantities. The quality of ground water from the basement complex makes it ideally suitable for drinking and irrigation purposes. It is therefore not difficult drilling boreholes and constructing dams in the area.

Soil
The District is covered with three main soil types:

    * Red and brown Sandy loam and clays associated with hornblende granular.
    * Moderately deep, pale brown coarse sandy loams associated with biotitic granites.
    * Gray sandy loams and clays in river valleys.

These support a variety of crops in the District, mainly cereals and Legumes.

Minerals
There are limestone deposits in the Western part of the District notably in the Worikambo Area . This could be exploited for the manufactured of paint and chalk.

Conditions of the Natural Environment
The natural environment over the years has been degraded. The vegetation cover has been reduced; the Surface water in the dry season is also limited Indiscriminate felling of trees for charcoal and farming activities have impacted negatively on the environment. Other negative environmental practices in the District are:

    * Bush burning
    * Bad farming practices leading to soil erosion and leaching
    * Overgrazing by animals
    * Gravel winning.
    * Pollution of the water bodies.

Many   of these also constitute the principal causes of disasters in the District in addition to rainstorm Drastic measures need to be put in place to safeguard the environment

Built Environment
The Built Environment consists of Housing, which is mostly made of switch in the rural areas and switch, and Block Houses in the Urban and other big settlements. There are also markets and other socio-economic infrastructure. There are also some protected forest reserves and community forests.