It covers a total land area of 8,353 Km2, representing 12% of the total landmass of the Northern Region.

The Central Gonja District is located at the southern end of the Northern Region of Ghana. It shares boundaries in the north with the Tamale Metropolis, the Kintampo North District of the Brong-Ahafo Region in the south, East Gonja District in the East and the West Gonja District in the West.

Relative humidity is between 70% and 90% during the rainy season but is as low as 20% during the long dry season. Though the rainy pattern constitutes a major limiting factor affecting agricultural activities in the district, rainfall in the district is relatively more stable and reliable than most districts in the Northern Region.