The major rock types in the district are the Birimanian and Voltarian formations. The major underlying rock is the Birimanian formation which is economically the most important geological formation in Ghana, since it contains most of the valuable mineral exported from the country for foreign exchange such as gold, bauxite, diamonds etc. Gold is believed to be in the district but currently remains unexploited.

Soils developed over these rocks in the district are the Atewa-Anum simple formation (association) Nzima-Bekwai/Oda compound association, Atewiredu-Katie Simple Association, Bediesa-Yaya/Asuansi-Atewa Complex Association, Nankesi-Akrosi/Nta Offin Compound Association.